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Resources
Linen Glossary 
- Basket Weave : Variation on a plain weave; two over, two
under.
- Broadcloth : A tightly woven lustrous cotton cloth with
fine embedded crosswide ribs. It resembles poplin and is used
extensively in shirts and blouses, as well as home decorating.
- Butcher's Linen : It was originally a heavy, sturdy linen
fabric used for French butchers' aprons. This type of heavy fabric
was also used for interfacing.
- Burn-Out Prints : Printing with a chemical substance that
destroys the fiber in the pattern design print area.
- Cashmere : Comes from the inner coat hair of an Asian
Cashmere Goat.
- Cut-And-Loop Pile : Made with a combination of both loop
and cut yarns and can be either level or multilevel.
- Corduroy : A ribbed, pile fabric. Comes in various
weights and weaves. Used widely for both apparel and home
furnishings.
- Chambray : A plain-weave fabric made of color warp yarn
and white fill yarn.
- Combed Cotton : The combing process removes the short
fibers and any debris that may be in the fiber when it was in the
field. A cleaner, more uniform and lustrous yarn results.
- Chenille : A fuzzy cotton yarn or fabric that has pile
protruding around it. Chenille is the French word for “caterpillar.”
- Chintz : Glazed cotton fabric, often printed. Used widely
in upholstery fabric.
- Cotton Sheers : Batiste, lawn, organdy, and voile are all
cotton sheers. Used for both home and apparel products.
- Damask : A patterned cotton fabric made on a jacquard
loom. It is used for decorative fabrics and fine apparel.
- Duck : Also known as canvas. A rugged plain-weave cloth.
- Dotted Swiss : Lightweight, sheer, fine-yarn fabric with
small dotted areas that have been either woven or flocked to achieve
the dot effect.
- Double Knit : A circular, knit fabric of double
thickness.
- Dye Lot : Variations in the chemical concentrations from
one batch to the next Reversible fabrics.
- Denim : A rugged, durable twill fabric that is most
popular in indigo blue. Denim rules the casual apparel world, but it
has also become popular in decorative fabrics for the home.
- Embroidery : Art of creating and producing raised designs
or motifs on woven fabrics.
- Flannel : A plain-weave cloth heavily brushed for
softness. Often used in apparel and sheets.
- Flax : Comes from the stem or stalk of the flax plant;
when flax is woven, it produces linen.
- Greige Goods : (pronounced “gray”) Loom-state
cloth that has not received dry and wet finishing.
- Herringbone : Considered a broken twill because both
right and left-hand twill resemble the backbone of a herring fish.
- Interlock : A double-knit, plain-stitched fabric that
looks the same on both sides. Used for home and apparel.
- Jersey : A single-knit, plain-stitched fabric with a
face side that is distinctly different from the back side. Used for
both home and apparel consumer products. Recently, American
manufacturers have introduced cotton jersey for bed linens.
- Jacquard : The jacquard loom produces elaborate cloth
weaves that are very important for decorative fabrics, such as
tapestries, brocade, and damask.
- Jacquard : Design that includes very detailed, intricate
motifs.
- Jute : Bast fiber that grows in the stem section of a
plant in India; Yellow and brown in color; Coarse and harsh.
- Mercerized Cotton : A wet finishing process for cotton
yarn or fabric, which results in a stronger and more lustrous yarn
that takes dye better with brighter, deeper colors.
- Matelassé : A dobby or jacquard cotton fabric.
The pattern stands out to give a quilted look for bedspreads and
other home fabrics, or fine apparel fabrics.
- Natural Fiber : Found in plants or animals.
- Oxford : A group of cotton fabrics, including pinpoint,
made with a modified plain or basket weave. Used primarily for
shirting.
- Poplin : A fabric with a fine horizontal rib effect on
the surface because of a warp yarn finer than the filling yarn;
usually a high-thread-count cloth. Poplin is used for high-quality
shirting.
- Pique : Medium-weight, crisp, cotton-type fabric with
raised dobby designs.
- Plain Weave : Yarn passes alternately one over, one under
until the yarn is full.
- Polyester : Manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming
substance is any long-chain synthetic polymer composed of at least
85% by weight of an ester of a substituted aromatic carboxylic.
- Pima Cotton : It is from Egyptian cotton, is an excellent
quality cotton fabric.
- Plissé : Fabric treated with a solution that
shrinks parts of the goods to create a crinkle or pleated effect.
Used for both home and apparel.
- Polished Cotton : It is either a satin weave cotton or a
plain weave cotton that is finished chemically to appear shiny.
- Percale : A smooth, finely combed woven sheeting with a
minimum thread count of 180 threads per square inch.
- Sateen : A silky smooth fabric that has a lustrous sheen
resembling satin.
- Swiss : It is a sheer, very fine cotton that can be plain
or decorated with dots or other designs.
- Screen Printing : Printing formed by engraved rollers.
- Sham : A decorative covering for a pillow on a bed with a
decorative flange.
- Sateen : A satin weave fabric with a smooth, lustrous
surface. Used for both home and apparel.
- Silk : Continuous strands of filament fiber found in a
cocoon.
- Striped Sateen : A woven-in weave of section-striped
pattern. (see Sateen)
- Sheeting : Plain-woven, carded yarn cloth in medium and
heavy weights. When the thread count is low, sheeting is defined as
muslin. When the thread count is high and the yarn is combed,
sheeting is defined as percale.
- Seersucker : A lightweight cotton fabric with a woven
crinkle achieved by altering tension in the warp yarns. Seersucker
is synonymous with the classic summer suit.
- Table Skirt : Gathered, tailored, or pleated piece of
fabric that reaches from the top of the box spring to the floor.
- Terry Cloth : A cotton fabric with moisture-absorbing
loop pile covering the entire surface on one or both sides. Used for
home fashions, as well as summer apparel.
- Twill : Identified by the diagonal lines on its face. It
is an incredibly versatile fabric.
- Velour : A term applied to cut pile cloths in general.
Velour is soft, luxurious and widely used.
- Venise : It is a very fine damask table linen consisting
of large floral patterns.
- Velveteen is an all cotton pile fabric with short pile
resembling velvet.
- Velvet : A warp-pile fabric with short, densely woven cut
pile, giving the fabric a soft, rich texture.
- Wool : Fibers that form the covering of a sheep.
- Whipcord is a strong fabric with a diagonal round cords
that can also be produced in wool.
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